JURNAL 4 + 5 ( Marketing subject ) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

JURNAL 4 + 5 ( Marketing subject ) - Assignment Example The new 2010 GLK is situated as a reasonable and solid SUV in the monetary circumstance that everybody faces. The socioeconomics of the city offer the best crowd for the SUV as the populations’ age, salary are the characteristics that the Mercedes-Benz 2010 GLK positions to target. The Denver Post is the most perused paper in Denver. By putting the ad in Denver Post, the organization wishes to focus on all the youthful just as grown-up females and guys who wish to drive reasonable vehicles in style. The 2010 GLK is being promoted not by the Mercedes-Benz showrooms however by a retail/utilized vehicles shipper called Murray Motor Imports. The commercial is high contrast and uses basic striking composing style giving a lot of detail of the vehicle as could be expected under the circumstances. The high contrast ad is typically seen by the perusers as dull and exhausting. The composing style of the commercial uses one textual style with various text dimensions which is plain not alluring. The notice has one 2010 GLK picture with an intense slogan. The promotion is level with no lively highlights and no situation that could best speak to the SUV. No logo of the Mercedes-Benz organization or the Murray Motor Imports has been utilized aside from the name of the last organization. The ad is fundamentally positioned to present the new SUV at the most minimal rates that the organization brings to the table in rivalry with other retail vehicle outlets in the zone. The goal of the commercial is to draw in the possible clients to the showroom with the goal that they can come and examine the new SUV. So as to grab the eye of target crowd, Murray Motor Imports is offering different special offers, for example, a free test drive. Moreover, the organization is offering an appealing lease rate to draw in clients. Another offer utilized by the organization to pull in the clients is a fortunate draw for a shopping binge. All these promoting offers are intended to the intended interest group of 2010 GLK

The Kate Moss Effect :: Beauty Media Modeling Self Esteem Essays

The Kate Moss Effect â€Å"Women, you realize that horrendous inclination you get subsequent to leafing through a style magazine crammed with models who, let’s face it, look route superior to you? A new examination, The Kate Moss Effect, recommends that it‘s not all in your head† (Jennifer Thomas, HealthScout). There have been so often in my life, and I’m sure in different women’s lives too, that I feel absolutely insufficient in correlation with, let’s state, a Victoria’s Secret Model. I simply have one inquiry: How is a lady at any point expected to like herself when the main thing being reliably advanced is flawlessness? There have been numerous examinations done, in which specialists study the impacts that the strain to have an ideal body has on the normal female. Be that as it may, I am going to focus on the Kate Greenery Effect for the straightforward explanation, that of the considerable number of studies I took a gander at, The Kate Greenery Effect appeared to be the most sensible, and straight forward. So let’s return to that old fashioned sentiment of filtering through the numerous disheartening pages of an advanced style magazine. The Kate Moss Effect is a study based around the straightforward regular action of survey a distribution packed with bent. Essentially, ladies were accumulated to see pages rising with models who were for all intents and purposes faultless and their responses to this introduction were at that point watched. To be definite, specialists partitioned 91 Caucasian ladies, ages 18 to 31into two gatherings. One gathering was demonstrated promotions for different regular items, for example, nail clean, toothpaste, and gum. Be that as it may, these promotions included rail meager females, the virtual authentic portrayal of impeccability. The subsequent gathering was demonstrated advertisements for similar sorts of stock. But the second group’s advertisements didn’t have individuals in them. â€Å"Researchers found that ladies who saw notices including characteristically meager and delightful ladies gave more indications of misery and were increasingly disappointed with their bodies after just one to three minutes of seeing the photos. Melancholy levels enrolled a slight uptick, while confidence was unchanged† (Jennifer Thomas, Health Scout). Laurie Mintz, the lead creator of the examination and the partner educator of instructive and advising brain science at University of Missouri-Columbia stated, â€Å"The ladies who enlisted the greatest drop in mental self view in the wake of review the

The Smart Home

The Smart Home Imagine, if you would, coming home from a long day’s work. You open the door, and the light’s immediately turn on a shade past dim â€" just the way you like it. It’s 7.58pm and by the time you hang up your coat, take off your shoes and sit down in the living room, it’s time for the basketball game. The television turns one. You dismiss the notification that the television had been recording the pre-game show, and start to watch, but a beep from the kitchen stops you and impels you to enter. It’s your refrigerator, reminding you that there are three perfectly chilled beers inside. You’ll grab one beer and something to eat, but a display on the outside informs you that the leftovers are probably bad by now. You tap a button on the display and your refrigerator dials the local takeout restaurant on our cellphone, which you quickly remove from your pocket. After you place your order and make your way back to the television, you see a second notification that informs you that you’ve forgotten to activate your security system, but that it has been done for you. You silently marvel at how simple life has become as you sit back to enjoy the game. © Shutterstock.com | scyther5This notion of domestic bliss may once have been purely within the realm of science fiction, but may soon be possible with the rise of intelligent home networking / home automation (smart homes). In this article, we will cover: 1) features of the smart home, 2) history of the smart home, 3) benefits of the smart home, 4) research and trends in smart homes, 5) challenges of smart homes, 6) popular smart homes, and 7) the future of smart homes.FEATURES OF THE SMART HOME © Wikimedia commons | LCNThe typical smart home automation would feature seamlessly integrated security systems, refrigerators, televisions, dishwashers, and other electronics and appliances, centrally and/or remotely controlled from a single device. As more devices become connected to wireless technologies (see the Internet of Things, below), the more features the smart home will include. Some of the most common, centrally-controlled, technologies in today’s smart home automation include:Automated door locks and security systems: these can be controlled with a smartphone to other electronic device;Temperature and ventilation controls;Energy consumption monitoring devices;Entertainment systems;Smart lighting systems;Smart appliances;Vehicle detection systems; andPlant and pet monitoring systems.Other typical features of the smart home automation include room-to-room video and audio communication; and notifications sent by the home to a user’s smartphone or other device in case o f a particular occurrence (a break-in for example).HISTORY OF SMART HOMESSmart homes had their origins, as most innovations, in theory long before they become a reality. While science fiction writers, such as Ray Bradbury, depicted these homes throughout much of the 20th century, their genesis lies in the development of the systems that comprise them. The first 20 years of the 20th century saw the invention of the vacuum cleaner, dryer, washing machine, iron, and toaster. The first smart device was created approximately 45 years later. Known as the ECHO IV, it could turn home appliances on and off and control home temperatures; unfortunately, it did not sell well. Home automation technologies began to be built into luxury dwellings decades ago. Disney’s 1999 film, Smart House, provided mainstream audiences with a sense of the possibilities, but the first smart home models and devices began to hit the consumer market in the early 2000s, with the proliferation of the Internet and re lated technologies a decade earlier.BENEFITS OF SMART HOMESThe benefits of the smart home are by no means limited to convenience, although this is a compelling feature. The automation of simple tasks saves us time â€" time that could be spent on our families, our careers, or other passions, which is a strong selling proposition. Smart homes also have the potential to be greener and cheaper: water and energy-monitoring tools, and programs to optimize energy consumption, could impel us to lower our water and energy usage, which could, in turn, lower our bills and reduce our carbon footprint.Automation and centralized control have serious benefits for family caregivers. By integrating home healthcare equipment, such as monitoring and diagnostic tools, smart homes could simplify the caregiving process for the hundreds of millions of adults worldwide who care for an elderly, ailing, or infirm parent or relative. For example, a smart home might allow you to monitor the movements of a rela tive suffering from dementia.RESEARCH AND TRENDS IN SMART HOMESA number of trends are driving the growth of smart homes. These include:Internet of Things (IoT) © Wikimedia commons | WilgengebroedThe Internet of Things (or IOT) is an emerging trend of which smart homes is a subset. IoT involves the integration of digital and wireless technologies in physical objects and systems, especially those historically unconnected. IoT has significant ramifications for the future of smart homes: the more devices that are connected to the Internet, the more can potentially integrated into the smart home system. Examples of IoT as relates to smart homes are the Nest Learning Thermostat, the Chop-Syc digital chopping board, the Toncelli Kitchens digital kitchen countertop, the air monitor Birdi, and the Wattio SmartHome 360 energy monitor.Security systemsSecurity is a major focus of smart home systems. Advanced smart security systems can notify you remotely if there has been an intrusion, detect vehicles approaching your home, automatically lock your doors, provide room-by-room surveillance, and so much more.Growing marketCurrently, less than 1% of homes employ full smart home technology. But by 2018, HIS Technology, a research firm, predicts that 45 million smart home devices will have been installed, and the annual business volume will have grown to $12 billion dollars. ABI Research predicts growth to $14.1 billion by 2018. The market research firm Allied Market Research projects that the global smart homes and buildings market will grow at a compound annual growth rate of 29.5% through 2020, at which point the market will be worth $35.3 billion. Another even more optimistic report from Juniper Research, predicts that the market will grow to $71 billion by 2018.No matter what is the final number, the market, experts agree, is growing, and rapidly. This growth is driven, in part, by the rising tablet market. Smart home DIYers have increasingly found the tablet as an effective remote control to manage all of the systems commonly found in a smart home. Additional drivers include the decreasing costs of smart technologies; increased government regulation regarding energy consumption; increased energy costs; increased consumer awareness of, and concern about, the environment; and consumer security concerns.Other trendsOther notable smart home trends include cloud-managed smart home systems; smart technologies designed to blend in with a consumer’s décor; wireless on/off controls; automated door locking systems; and more advanced security systems.CHALLENGES OF SMART HOMESA recent study by Microsoft researchers determined that the top four barriers to wider adoption of smart homes are the issues associated with linking disparate systems, poor manageability, high cost of ownership, and difficulty of integrating security systems.Linking disparate systemsThe smart home market is fragmented, at present. Many competing manufacturers are developing disparate smart home systems and technologies, as can be seen in a cursory glance at Amazon’s new home automation storefront. It’s easy to integrate devices made by th e same vendor, but that requires, in many cases, consumers to buy replacement devices.Limited functionalityIntegrating devices from disparate vendors often results in limited functionality and unreliable service. Further, many systems on the market have complex interfaces that limit the functionality of smart homes. Finally, app-based smart home systems, while cheaper than fully custom integrated systems, have more limited functionality than full systems. For example, systems like Lowes’ Iris and Revolv are not compatible with home entertainment products.CostsFully integrated custom systems are expensive and often require a consultant to install them, and structural changes to the home, both costs of course tacked on to the price of the system itself. Systems range from $10,000 to $100,000+, well outside the range of the average consumer. A typical package from VIA International, with a home entertainment emphasis, runs about $35,000. This of course, does not include the costs of maintenance and repair.AwarenessDue to the market fragmentation and limited existing consumer adoption, there is little mainstream awareness of what is currently available. The market is almost entirely comprised of the wealthy who are offered the features as part of either new construction or relatively new high-end homes on the market; and do-it-yourselfers (DIYers). Some consumers may not be aware that smart home technologies can be purchased for as little as $150.OtherThe overall demand for housing has a significant impact on the overall demand for smart homes, as many smart home technologies are purchased by construction companies, and integrated into new residential construction. A weak housing market may influence existing homeowners to attempt to increase the value of their homes through home improvement projects, which may include smart home technology integration.Another serious concern is the potential for criminals to hack into a smart home system. This has serious impli cations as smart home systems generally integrate home security systems in addition to others. A recent study by Hewlett-Packard revealed that 250 different security flaws existed in 10 popular smart home devices. Further:“Eight of the 10 devices tested raised privacy concerns regarding the collection of consumer data such as name, email address, home address, date of birth, credit card credentials and health information.80 percent of devices tested failed password security with most devices allowing passwords such as 1234.70 percent of IoT devices examined failed to encrypt communications to the Internet and local network and half allowed unencrypted communications.The user interfaces of six of the 10 devices tested had issues such as persistent XSS, poor session management, weak default credentials and credentials transmitted in clear text.60 percent of devices didn’t deploy encryption with software downloads.”Lastly, consumers in the Microsoft study noted that home automati on did not always suit them. Some consumers quickly grew tired of the automation because they chafed under the imposed structure.POPULAR SMART HOMESMany smart homes are custom-built by construction and architectural firms for wealthy clients. Firms selling smart home technologies in this space include VIA International, Vivint, Creston, Control4, Savant and AMX Home automation. © Flickr | David BerkowitzBeyond this market are less expensive smart home devices and systems, largely manufacturer by security, software and electronics firms. Rival software firms Apple and Google are two major players in this marketspace. Google recently acquired the aforementioned Nest Learning Thermostat for $3.2 billion, and has designs on the home security market. Apple is designing a software platform to control smart home devices, and is in talks with a group of retailers to incorporate it into their devices. Another large player in this market is ATT, whose Digital Life service, consisting of one app and a wireless adapter device, aggregates all services and devices and the consumer pays a monthly fee for this service. Samsung, GE, Comcast, Time Warner, Staples, Best Buy, ADT, Tyco, and other firms are also in the mix.Other players include SmartThings, Piper, Revolv,  Nest, Hue, Kwikset, Sonos, Korus, Dropcam, Honeywell, Yale, Iris, Insteon, and Belkin. Their products ran ge from systems consisting of a starter kit that can be controlled by a remote and access to an app-based ecosphere, to an ecosystem of integrated products. SmartThings and Revolv, for example, consists of an app that supports multiple wireless adapters.FUTURE OF SMART HOMESWhile the smart home market of the present is fragmented and small, and faces many challenges to widespread adoption, the smart home market is growing, in functionality, sales, and expectations. Its future looks bright, at least in part due to the following trends:IOT in Smart Homes Increasing connectivity may one day connect everything in your home, from your placemats to your plant vases. The more connected objects, the more functionality the smart home will possess. IT firm Gartner projects that IoT devices and objects will grow to $300 billion dollars by 2020. And the more connected devices exist, many smart home players hope, the greater the mainstream consumer’s desire to connect them.Robotics in Smart Ho mes © Wikimedia commons | Aldebaran RoboticsMany experts and futurists predict that in the next several decades, robots will be in every household. Whether these are humanoid robots or those more functional in form, their integration into the smart home of the future is a near-certainty. Robots will likely either be fully integrated with the smart home operating system and help manage it, along with providing assistance doing manual tasks. Further robotics technologies of sensing, learning, and adapting, will be crucial to enhancing the underlying functions of the smart home.OtherTo harness the full potential of the smart home automation, disparate manufacturers will have to develop technologies based on common open standards. Very few, if any, firms produce every device found in a household, and it is unlikely that consumers would be brand loyal enough to buy every household device, or even a majority of them, from a single manufacturer. So if manufacturers want to ensure that their de vices talk to others, they will have be developed under common standards â€" standards also shared between software companies. This level of collaboration may take some time â€" many of these firms are direct competitors after all, but it is necessary.The integration of health monitoring equipment could have a tremendous beneficial impact on average families, especially those in rural areas. For example, a home could monitor the heart rates of its occupants and automatically alert others and/or 911 in case a resident is having a heart attack or other health emergency.Futurists have posited that the home of the future will incorporate learning technologies. Recalling the consumers who chafed under the structure imposed under automation, the future iteration of the smart home would learn a consumer’s moods, patterns, and behavior and adjust its “behavior” accordingly. As Tony Fadell, the CEO of Nest, whose products incorporate learning technologies, pointed out in a recent Time Magazine article, devices should adapt to our needs so that we don’t have to think about them.CastleOS Home Automation on Discoverys Epic Image credit:  Flickr | David Berkowitz and Wikimedia commons | Wilgengebroed under Attribution 2.0 Generic,  Wikimedia commons | LCN under public domain, Wikimedia commons | Aldebaran Robotics under  Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported.

The Smart Home

The Smart Home Imagine, if you would, coming home from a long day’s work. You open the door, and the light’s immediately turn on a shade past dim â€" just the way you like it. It’s 7.58pm and by the time you hang up your coat, take off your shoes and sit down in the living room, it’s time for the basketball game. The television turns one. You dismiss the notification that the television had been recording the pre-game show, and start to watch, but a beep from the kitchen stops you and impels you to enter. It’s your refrigerator, reminding you that there are three perfectly chilled beers inside. You’ll grab one beer and something to eat, but a display on the outside informs you that the leftovers are probably bad by now. You tap a button on the display and your refrigerator dials the local takeout restaurant on our cellphone, which you quickly remove from your pocket. After you place your order and make your way back to the television, you see a second notification that informs you that you’ve forgotten to activate your security system, but that it has been done for you. You silently marvel at how simple life has become as you sit back to enjoy the game. © Shutterstock.com | scyther5This notion of domestic bliss may once have been purely within the realm of science fiction, but may soon be possible with the rise of intelligent home networking / home automation (smart homes). In this article, we will cover: 1) features of the smart home, 2) history of the smart home, 3) benefits of the smart home, 4) research and trends in smart homes, 5) challenges of smart homes, 6) popular smart homes, and 7) the future of smart homes.FEATURES OF THE SMART HOME © Wikimedia commons | LCNThe typical smart home automation would feature seamlessly integrated security systems, refrigerators, televisions, dishwashers, and other electronics and appliances, centrally and/or remotely controlled from a single device. As more devices become connected to wireless technologies (see the Internet of Things, below), the more features the smart home will include. Some of the most common, centrally-controlled, technologies in today’s smart home automation include:Automated door locks and security systems: these can be controlled with a smartphone to other electronic device;Temperature and ventilation controls;Energy consumption monitoring devices;Entertainment systems;Smart lighting systems;Smart appliances;Vehicle detection systems; andPlant and pet monitoring systems.Other typical features of the smart home automation include room-to-room video and audio communication; and notifications sent by the home to a user’s smartphone or other device in case o f a particular occurrence (a break-in for example).HISTORY OF SMART HOMESSmart homes had their origins, as most innovations, in theory long before they become a reality. While science fiction writers, such as Ray Bradbury, depicted these homes throughout much of the 20th century, their genesis lies in the development of the systems that comprise them. The first 20 years of the 20th century saw the invention of the vacuum cleaner, dryer, washing machine, iron, and toaster. The first smart device was created approximately 45 years later. Known as the ECHO IV, it could turn home appliances on and off and control home temperatures; unfortunately, it did not sell well. Home automation technologies began to be built into luxury dwellings decades ago. Disney’s 1999 film, Smart House, provided mainstream audiences with a sense of the possibilities, but the first smart home models and devices began to hit the consumer market in the early 2000s, with the proliferation of the Internet and re lated technologies a decade earlier.BENEFITS OF SMART HOMESThe benefits of the smart home are by no means limited to convenience, although this is a compelling feature. The automation of simple tasks saves us time â€" time that could be spent on our families, our careers, or other passions, which is a strong selling proposition. Smart homes also have the potential to be greener and cheaper: water and energy-monitoring tools, and programs to optimize energy consumption, could impel us to lower our water and energy usage, which could, in turn, lower our bills and reduce our carbon footprint.Automation and centralized control have serious benefits for family caregivers. By integrating home healthcare equipment, such as monitoring and diagnostic tools, smart homes could simplify the caregiving process for the hundreds of millions of adults worldwide who care for an elderly, ailing, or infirm parent or relative. For example, a smart home might allow you to monitor the movements of a rela tive suffering from dementia.RESEARCH AND TRENDS IN SMART HOMESA number of trends are driving the growth of smart homes. These include:Internet of Things (IoT) © Wikimedia commons | WilgengebroedThe Internet of Things (or IOT) is an emerging trend of which smart homes is a subset. IoT involves the integration of digital and wireless technologies in physical objects and systems, especially those historically unconnected. IoT has significant ramifications for the future of smart homes: the more devices that are connected to the Internet, the more can potentially integrated into the smart home system. Examples of IoT as relates to smart homes are the Nest Learning Thermostat, the Chop-Syc digital chopping board, the Toncelli Kitchens digital kitchen countertop, the air monitor Birdi, and the Wattio SmartHome 360 energy monitor.Security systemsSecurity is a major focus of smart home systems. Advanced smart security systems can notify you remotely if there has been an intrusion, detect vehicles approaching your home, automatically lock your doors, provide room-by-room surveillance, and so much more.Growing marketCurrently, less than 1% of homes employ full smart home technology. But by 2018, HIS Technology, a research firm, predicts that 45 million smart home devices will have been installed, and the annual business volume will have grown to $12 billion dollars. ABI Research predicts growth to $14.1 billion by 2018. The market research firm Allied Market Research projects that the global smart homes and buildings market will grow at a compound annual growth rate of 29.5% through 2020, at which point the market will be worth $35.3 billion. Another even more optimistic report from Juniper Research, predicts that the market will grow to $71 billion by 2018.No matter what is the final number, the market, experts agree, is growing, and rapidly. This growth is driven, in part, by the rising tablet market. Smart home DIYers have increasingly found the tablet as an effective remote control to manage all of the systems commonly found in a smart home. Additional drivers include the decreasing costs of smart technologies; increased government regulation regarding energy consumption; increased energy costs; increased consumer awareness of, and concern about, the environment; and consumer security concerns.Other trendsOther notable smart home trends include cloud-managed smart home systems; smart technologies designed to blend in with a consumer’s décor; wireless on/off controls; automated door locking systems; and more advanced security systems.CHALLENGES OF SMART HOMESA recent study by Microsoft researchers determined that the top four barriers to wider adoption of smart homes are the issues associated with linking disparate systems, poor manageability, high cost of ownership, and difficulty of integrating security systems.Linking disparate systemsThe smart home market is fragmented, at present. Many competing manufacturers are developing disparate smart home systems and technologies, as can be seen in a cursory glance at Amazon’s new home automation storefront. It’s easy to integrate devices made by th e same vendor, but that requires, in many cases, consumers to buy replacement devices.Limited functionalityIntegrating devices from disparate vendors often results in limited functionality and unreliable service. Further, many systems on the market have complex interfaces that limit the functionality of smart homes. Finally, app-based smart home systems, while cheaper than fully custom integrated systems, have more limited functionality than full systems. For example, systems like Lowes’ Iris and Revolv are not compatible with home entertainment products.CostsFully integrated custom systems are expensive and often require a consultant to install them, and structural changes to the home, both costs of course tacked on to the price of the system itself. Systems range from $10,000 to $100,000+, well outside the range of the average consumer. A typical package from VIA International, with a home entertainment emphasis, runs about $35,000. This of course, does not include the costs of maintenance and repair.AwarenessDue to the market fragmentation and limited existing consumer adoption, there is little mainstream awareness of what is currently available. The market is almost entirely comprised of the wealthy who are offered the features as part of either new construction or relatively new high-end homes on the market; and do-it-yourselfers (DIYers). Some consumers may not be aware that smart home technologies can be purchased for as little as $150.OtherThe overall demand for housing has a significant impact on the overall demand for smart homes, as many smart home technologies are purchased by construction companies, and integrated into new residential construction. A weak housing market may influence existing homeowners to attempt to increase the value of their homes through home improvement projects, which may include smart home technology integration.Another serious concern is the potential for criminals to hack into a smart home system. This has serious impli cations as smart home systems generally integrate home security systems in addition to others. A recent study by Hewlett-Packard revealed that 250 different security flaws existed in 10 popular smart home devices. Further:“Eight of the 10 devices tested raised privacy concerns regarding the collection of consumer data such as name, email address, home address, date of birth, credit card credentials and health information.80 percent of devices tested failed password security with most devices allowing passwords such as 1234.70 percent of IoT devices examined failed to encrypt communications to the Internet and local network and half allowed unencrypted communications.The user interfaces of six of the 10 devices tested had issues such as persistent XSS, poor session management, weak default credentials and credentials transmitted in clear text.60 percent of devices didn’t deploy encryption with software downloads.”Lastly, consumers in the Microsoft study noted that home automati on did not always suit them. Some consumers quickly grew tired of the automation because they chafed under the imposed structure.POPULAR SMART HOMESMany smart homes are custom-built by construction and architectural firms for wealthy clients. Firms selling smart home technologies in this space include VIA International, Vivint, Creston, Control4, Savant and AMX Home automation. © Flickr | David BerkowitzBeyond this market are less expensive smart home devices and systems, largely manufacturer by security, software and electronics firms. Rival software firms Apple and Google are two major players in this marketspace. Google recently acquired the aforementioned Nest Learning Thermostat for $3.2 billion, and has designs on the home security market. Apple is designing a software platform to control smart home devices, and is in talks with a group of retailers to incorporate it into their devices. Another large player in this market is ATT, whose Digital Life service, consisting of one app and a wireless adapter device, aggregates all services and devices and the consumer pays a monthly fee for this service. Samsung, GE, Comcast, Time Warner, Staples, Best Buy, ADT, Tyco, and other firms are also in the mix.Other players include SmartThings, Piper, Revolv,  Nest, Hue, Kwikset, Sonos, Korus, Dropcam, Honeywell, Yale, Iris, Insteon, and Belkin. Their products ran ge from systems consisting of a starter kit that can be controlled by a remote and access to an app-based ecosphere, to an ecosystem of integrated products. SmartThings and Revolv, for example, consists of an app that supports multiple wireless adapters.FUTURE OF SMART HOMESWhile the smart home market of the present is fragmented and small, and faces many challenges to widespread adoption, the smart home market is growing, in functionality, sales, and expectations. Its future looks bright, at least in part due to the following trends:IOT in Smart Homes Increasing connectivity may one day connect everything in your home, from your placemats to your plant vases. The more connected objects, the more functionality the smart home will possess. IT firm Gartner projects that IoT devices and objects will grow to $300 billion dollars by 2020. And the more connected devices exist, many smart home players hope, the greater the mainstream consumer’s desire to connect them.Robotics in Smart Ho mes © Wikimedia commons | Aldebaran RoboticsMany experts and futurists predict that in the next several decades, robots will be in every household. Whether these are humanoid robots or those more functional in form, their integration into the smart home of the future is a near-certainty. Robots will likely either be fully integrated with the smart home operating system and help manage it, along with providing assistance doing manual tasks. Further robotics technologies of sensing, learning, and adapting, will be crucial to enhancing the underlying functions of the smart home.OtherTo harness the full potential of the smart home automation, disparate manufacturers will have to develop technologies based on common open standards. Very few, if any, firms produce every device found in a household, and it is unlikely that consumers would be brand loyal enough to buy every household device, or even a majority of them, from a single manufacturer. So if manufacturers want to ensure that their de vices talk to others, they will have be developed under common standards â€" standards also shared between software companies. This level of collaboration may take some time â€" many of these firms are direct competitors after all, but it is necessary.The integration of health monitoring equipment could have a tremendous beneficial impact on average families, especially those in rural areas. For example, a home could monitor the heart rates of its occupants and automatically alert others and/or 911 in case a resident is having a heart attack or other health emergency.Futurists have posited that the home of the future will incorporate learning technologies. Recalling the consumers who chafed under the structure imposed under automation, the future iteration of the smart home would learn a consumer’s moods, patterns, and behavior and adjust its “behavior” accordingly. As Tony Fadell, the CEO of Nest, whose products incorporate learning technologies, pointed out in a recent Time Magazine article, devices should adapt to our needs so that we don’t have to think about them.CastleOS Home Automation on Discoverys Epic Image credit:  Flickr | David Berkowitz and Wikimedia commons | Wilgengebroed under Attribution 2.0 Generic,  Wikimedia commons | LCN under public domain, Wikimedia commons | Aldebaran Robotics under  Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported.

The Relationship between Leverage and Investment - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2181 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? For many years, the relationship between leverage and investment opportunities has been a topic of interest among finance scholars. Recent empirical studies, for instance, Lang et al., (1996) and Aivazian et al., (2005) show that leverage and investment opportunities are negatively related. There are good reasons to believe that at low to moderate debt ratios, further increases in debt ratio lower the required rate of return for initiating investment projects and therefore, more highly leveraged firms should invest more when considering the impact of leverage on the cost of capital. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Relationship between Leverage and Investment" essay for you Create order Under the original Modigliani-Miller propositions, leverage and investment were unrelated. If a firm had profitable investment opportunities, it could obtain funding for these opportunities regardless of the nature of its current balance sheet. However, the capital structure literature has argued that leverage and investment opportunities are strongly related. It is essential to distinguish between over investment and underinvestment when talking about investment. In a seminar work performed by Myers (1977), it was stated that high leverage overhang decreases the incentives of the shareholder-management coalition in control of the firm to invest in positive net present value of investment opportunities, since the benefits are accumulated to the bondholders rather than to the shareholders. Therefore, firms with low levels of leverage are more likely to exploit valuable growth opportunities as compared to highly levered firms. A related underinvestment theory centers on a liquidity effect such that there is low investment no matter a firms growth opportunities if the firm has large debt commitment. Literature has argued that underinvestment incentives are likely to occur especially when firms are highly indebted. Over-investment theory is another possible agency problem where the problem is between managers and shareholders. Managers perceive an opportunity to expand the business even if that means undertaking poor projects and reducing shareholder welfare. Managements ability to carry out this policy is limited by the availability of cash flow and further tightened by the financing of debt. Leverage is hence, a way for overcoming the overinvestment problem showing a negative relationship between debt and investment for firms with low growth opportunities. Whether debt financing induce firms to make over-investment or under-investment is debatable. Taking loans commits a firm to pay cash as interest and principal and managers are forced to serve such commit ments. However, too much debt is considered to be bad as it may lead to financial distress and agency problems. According to Jensen (1986) when firms have more internally generated funds than positive NPV investment opportunities, the presence of debt in the firms capital structure may force managers to utilize the funds in servicing the debt which could have been utilized in investing in negative NPV projects at the detriment of the shareholders interest. Such situation can be coined as the over investment problem. Therefore, debt financing can be utilized as an instrument to curtail the over-investment problem by forcing managers to pay out excess funds to service debt. Hence, for these types of firms, debt financing has a positive impact on the value of the firm. Whited (1992) demonstrated how investment is more sensitive to cash flow in firms with high leverage as compared to firms with low leverage. Furthermore, Cantor (1990) showed that investment is more sensitive to earnings for highly levered firms. Kopcke and Howry (1994) used balance sheet variables as separate regressors in the investment equation and argue that these effects are not important. The Modigliani Miller Theorem (Modigliani and Miller, 1958, 1961) demonstrates that the value of a firm and the investment decisions should be independent from its capital structure. In other words, leverage should have no effect on investment decisions. However, the Modigliani Miller Theorem assumes a world with no taxes, information asymmetries or agency costs. Later theories argue that leverage clearly can matter due to the effect of taxes, information and agency costs (Myers, 2001). Many empirical literatures have challenged the leverage irrelevancy theorem of Modigliani and Miller. T he irrelevancy proposition of Modigliani and Miller will be suitable only if the perfect market assumptions underlying their analysis are satisfied. The interactions between management, shareholders, and debt holders will generate frictions due to agency problems and that may result to underinvestment or over investment incentives. Modigliani et al (1963) argued that we should not waste our time worrying capacity on second-order and largely self correcting problems like financial leverage. It means that firms should not be worried about growth if they are having good projects in hand since they will be able to find means of financing those projects. The tradeoff theory states that firms look for debt levels that balance the tax advantages of additional debt against the costs of possible financial distress. The pecking order theory says that the firm will borrow, rather than issue equity, when internal cash flow is not sufficient to fund capital expenditure. Firms prefer debt to equi ty because of the information investors infer from the decision to issue equity (Myers and Majluf, 1984, and Myers, 1984). An equity issue might signal to investors that the shares are overvalued, causing borrowing to become the better choice. Theory also supports that leverage matters due to the effect on agency costs. Leverage is predicted to reduce the agency costs from the manager-shareholder conflict, thereby mitigating the investment inefficiency resulting from this conflict. Increased leverage has this effect by reducing the free cash flows for self-serving managers to waste in negative NPV projects Jensen (1986). Furthermore, Jensen argues that debt also imposes strong control effects on managers. Debt holders can exert a stronger control of the firm than shareholders. A promise to shareholders to payout a certain amount in dividends is considered weak since it is not binding (dividends can be reduced in the future). Debt creation, however, forces managers to effectively bond their promise to pay out future cash flows. The debt holders have the right to take the firm to bankruptcy court if the firm cannot make its debt service payments. The threat caused by failure to make debt service payments serves as an effecti ve motivation force for managers to make their firms more efficient. Thus, through the reduction of free cash flows and control effects, leverage is presumed to mitigate the manager-shareholder conflict and overinvestment. As explained above, leverage worsens the shareholder-debt holder conflict. Leverage exacerbates overinvestment through asset substitution or underinvestment through debt overhang by increasing the default risk. Hence, the analyses of Myers (1977), Jensen (1986) and Stulz (1990) predict that leverage has an important impact on investment policy. In the model of Myers (1977), debt can create an overhang effect in which the firm can find it difficult to fund new projects because of the payoff from these projects would go to old claimants. If the firm has sufficiently valuable (i.e, positive Net Present Value) projects, this debt overhang effect can reduce value. Jensen (1986) emphasizes on the fact that if the firm has a few profitable growth opportunities, debt can serve a valuable bonding role, by limiting the ability of managers to invest in negative NPV projects. Stulz (1990) provides a formal model of debt choice in which debt limits managerial discretion over the firms undistributed cash flows. In his model, the optimal debt ratio reflects a tradeoff of the underinvestment and overinvestment possibilities as stated in Myers (1977) and Jensen (1986) respectively. Empirical evidence From the above literature, it has been found that leverage constraints investment, firms with valuable growth opportunities should choose lower leverage in order to avoid the risk of being forced to evade some of the opportunities, and debt increases value in firms with poor growth opportunities, but decreases value in firms with profitable growth opportunities. The below existing empirical literature mostly support these propositions. There is support for the overinvestment and the underinvestment theories in the extant empirical literature. McConnell and Servaes (1995) examined a large sample of non-financial firms in US for the years 1976, 1986, and 1988. For each year, they separate their samples into two groups, namely those with strong growth opportunities and those with weak growth opportunities. They found that there is a negative relation between the corporate value and the leverage of firms with strong growth opportunities usually indicated by high Tobins Q, and positively correlated with leverage for firms having weak growth opportunities or low Tobins Q. Furthermore, the allocation of equity ownership between corporate insiders and other types of investors is more important in low growth firms rather than high growth firms. Lang, Ofek and Stulz (1996) found a negative relation between leverage and future growth in a broad sample of firms. This finding is robust to alternative measures of growth and leverage and is not driven by an endogenous relation between leverage and growth opportunities. Lang, Ofek and Stulz (1996) report that the negative relation between leverage and investment exists only for low q firms. This implies that leverage does not constrain investment in those firms in which the market recognizes profitable growth opportunities. Lang et al., (1996) demonstrated that there was a negative relationship between leverage and future growth at the firm level and for diversified firms. They analyze a large sample of US industrial firms over the period 1970-1989 and found that for only firms with weak growth opportunities, that is Tobins q less than one, there is a strong relationship between leverage and investment. Ahn, Denis and Denis (2004) tested the relationship between leverage and investment in diversified firms, defined as those firms reporting at least two segments operating in different 3-digit SIC codes. comprising 8674 firm-years and 24 400 segment-years over the period 1982 through 1997 and their findings suggest that higher leverage appears to impose a greater constraint on investment in the high q segments of diversified firms than in the low q segments. Moreover, Aivazian et al., (2005) analysed the impact of leverage on investment on 1035 Canadian companies over 1982 to 1999. They establishe d a negative relationship between investment and leverage and that the relationship is higher for low growth firms rather than high growth firms. The paper tested the robustness o f these results using alternative empirical models and also employed the instrumental variable approach to deal with the endogeneity problem inherent in the relationship between leverage and investment. The results provide a support to agency theories of corporate leverage. Dang Viet Anh (2007) studied the interactions between the firms financing and investment decisions in the presence of underinvestment and overinvestment incentives. The finding shows that high-growth firms control underinvestment incentives by reducing leverage but not by shortening debt maturity ex ante. The paper also documented a negative effect of leverage upon investment ex post, supporting the hypothesis that leverage has a disciplining role for firms with limited growth opportunities. The paper uses an unbalanced panel of UK f irms that was collected from Datastream which is a database that maintains both cross-sectional and time-series company accounting and financial data. The sample included 1,683 firms. Data on the interest and all the data are collected from 1995 to 2003. Odit and Chittoo (2008) attempted to explore the relationship between financial leverage and investment decisions of Mauritian firms using firm level panel data which comprises of 27 firms all listed on the SEM, sampled over a 15 year period from 1990 to 2004. The results revealed a significant negative relationship between leverage and investment for low growth firm. Furthermore, Frank and Huyghebaert (2008) exploited some of the specific characteristics of private firms to investigate the non linear and multi period aspects of theoretical asymmetric information and agency models explaining the leverage and investment relation. They used the fixed-effects regression based on a sample of 64,246 private firm-years between 1996 and 2005 which support both multi-period and non-linear implications of credit constraints as they reveal a negative impact of leverage on investment expenditures, which reduces in the debt level but never turns positive. Overall, they find no support for the agency model of underinvestment in their sample of private enterprises. Singania and Seth (2010) examined the effect of financial leverage and investment opportunities in India. The sample they used consists of 963 companies that are listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) for the period 2004-2008. The findings of this paper suggest that there is an inverse relation between the debt ratio of the companies and their growth when tested by the pooling method of the panel data. Moreover, Gustafsson and Sunqvist (2010) assessed the effects of leverage on investment efficiency in 216 Swedish non financial listed firms and 1480 observations were collected over the period 1997-2005 and the effects are studied separately for ove r- and underinvesting firms. To measure investment efficiency, they employed three different measures: marginal q, absolute investments Tobins Q. The investment efficiency of overinvesting firms was hypothesized to be improved by higher leverage. The results based on marginal q accepted this hypothesis. The absolute investments and Tobins Q results could not accept nor reject the hypothesis, but indicated an improvement of investment efficiency for overinvesting firms as a result of increased leverage. For underinvesting firms, investment efficiency was hypothesized to decrease with leverage. The marginal q and Tobins Q results rejected this hypothesis. The absolute investments results could only accept this hypothesis on the 10% significance level. Thus, the results of this thesis indicate that investment efficiency increases with leverage for both groups of firms. Thus, the results suggest that leverage improves investment efficiency for over- and underinvesting Swedish firms.

Analysis of the Issues with the Merger or Acquisition of the Two Companies Free Essay Example, 2000 words

The production capacity of the merged company followed by a workforce reduction, decrease in the excess capacities and gaining market share through the competitive advantages as well as a reduction in cost by sharing administrative structure with the help of horizontal mergers (Bischoff, Sallstom Danylow, 2011). Vertical mergers occur in the companies which are operating at different stage leading to the combination of the production and value chains. There can be upstream mergers as well as downstream mergers in the vertical merger activity. Downstream mergers are more common than upstream mergers because companies need to be in a strong bargaining position. There is another factor if the suppliers are specialized in certain products or services where there is a requirement of superior expertise gaining dominance in the negotiation process. The main intention of vertical mergers is to reduce costs with the interlinked processes where more than one party is involved to gain better control over the market happenings. It also helps to cut back on transaction costs to have immediate access to resources avoiding uncertainty and minimizing contractile costs (Bischoff, Sallstom Danylow, 2011; Pikula, 1999). We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of the Issues with the Merger or Acquisition of the Two Companies or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page There are many reasons for the acquisition, some of them being financial reasons as the purchaser company expects the value of the asset will do better than the price paid for the acquisition. When a company acquires other company through stock purchase then the acquired company can continue to exist as a legal subsidiary of the acquirer.

Art Is a Lie That Brings Us Closer to the Truth - 1227 Words

â€Å"Art is a lie that brings us closer to the truth†- Pablo Picasso Yes, I have tricks in my pocket; I have things up my sleeve. But I am the opposite of a stage magician. He gives you illusion that has the appearance of truth. I give you truth in the pleasant disguise of illusion. Art is exactly the same: it portrays the truth in the form of a camouflage of words, colour, and speech. People say that art is an imitation of reality; however, it is in fact the total opposite. Reality is restricted by the laws of nature, but art isn’t. It is boundary-less; it can be an exaggeration of reality, it can be the total opposite of reality, it can even be something that is incomprehensible to everybody but the artist. Art is a manifestation of our†¦show more content†¦A famous example in literature is the play Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen. A Doll’s House was one of the first in the feminist movement. It was set in a time when women were oppressed into little holes- they had no role in the Norwegian male dominant society. By the e nd of the play, Nora, the protagonist, leaves her husband to become independent. This is symbolical for the necessary change in the women’s role in society, at the time. Through this, Ibsen was able to use art to portray a message to society, so, can art also be considered as a language? It is in fact a language. It is the language of emotion, and at times, it can â€Å"speak louder than words† to bring about a greater sense of moral awareness. At times people may say that art helps us understand the experiences of others, it helps us understand the suffering other people may have gone through. This, however, isn’t true. The only way for someone to experience something is to be right there, in the moment. It cannot be through another source. This is an area where art fails to bring us closer to the truth, because at times the emotion of a real experience is far greater than if it was portrayed through literature, paintings or drama. After the world war there were many war movies made that were intended to make society understand the pain and suffering that the soldiers went through, but as a famous critic says â€Å"the only way to recapture the experiences of the war on film is to put a machineShow MoreRelatedâ€Å"Art Is a Lie That Brings Us Nearer to the Truth† (Pablo Picasso)1692 Words   |  7 PagesArt is different from most areas of knowledge primarily in terms of its objective and also the means by w hich it reflects, transforms and expresses them. For art, like philosophy, reflects the reality in its relationship with man, and represents the latter, his spiritual world, and the relations between the individuals and their interactions with the world. 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Most often we see the figurative and rhetorical elements of a text as purely complementary and marginal to the basic reasoning of its debate, closer exploration often exposes that metaphor and rhetoric play an important role in the readers understanding of a piece of literary art. Usually the figural and metaphorical foundations strongly back or it can destabilize theRead MoreDocumentaries: More Realistic than Other Types of Films Essay616 Words   |  3 Pagesdocumentaries are not representational , like Scruton would argue, and, by extension, they are not art. To continue, fiction films strive to be a representation of a narrative that creates a â€Å"pseudorealism of a deception aimed at fooling the eye,† according to Bazin. With this, Bazin means that fictional films are made to represent reality through artistic components, given that film is a form of art. Hence, fiction films are less real than documentaries. Last but not least, because occurrencesRead MoreA Dialogue On Language By Martin Heidegger1364 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Inquirer’s native German, couldn’t get him to understand this concept, as it is impossible to translate into any Western language. Similarly, aesthetics can’t be translated into East Asian languages, and thus can’t be used to describe East Asian art. But when Count Kuki and the Inquirer were discussing Iki, no matter how they tried to avoid it, they shifted the conversation about an Asian concept into European ideas. Clearly, this isn’t what they intended in this conv ersation. Heidegger, throughRead MoreCharacterization within A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner1054 Words   |  5 Pages By using strong characterization and dramatic imagery, William Faulkner introduces us to Miss Emily Grierson in â€Å"A Rose for Emily†. The product of a well-established, but now fallen family, Emily plays common role found in literature- a societal outcast, who earns her banishment from society through her eclectic behavior and solitary background. Often living in denial and refusing to engage with others, Emily responds to her exile by spending the remainder of her life as a mysterious recluse thatRead MoreFinding The Will by Losing Ones Self1945 Words   |  8 Pages In our philosophy of art class we have looked at many different classical views on art and beauty. Such ideals as Plato’s criticisms on art, Aristotle’s idea of exemplary beauty and Plotinus’ splendor were discussed in class, and now we look at different philosophers and their attempt to create a theory that holds true for all previous philosophies and more modern ideals; modern ideals such as taste, aesthetics, and imagination. The philosopher that I think did this very well incorporating not

Persuasive On Fireworks Essay Example For Students

Persuasive On Fireworks Essay Nearly every year the government tries to prohibit fireworks because of the possibility of fires and injuries. This is ridiculous because not only are we hurting ourselves all the time anyway, also there are people can be trusted with fireworks. Instead of spoiling the privilege for everyone, a system needs to be devised, that looks something like this: When someone turns 18 (or 21 depending on how trustworthy 18 year olds are), they can get a firework license that lasts the month of July. Like a hunting license, it will last for a certain period of time, and will be revoked if the privilege is abused. If the license is revoked more than twice than they will be banned from buying anything that is not sold at a fireworks stand now. To reduce the illegal sales of fireworks, the penalties for being in possession of illegal fireworks or using them in any other month than July should also be as followed: The first offense will result in a $5000 fine, the second will result in a $10,000 fi ne, and the third offense will put the offender in jail. This system should be adequate in the fact that it is strict, yet fair, and is supported by the fact that fireworks are only a privilege and can be taken away.I hope this essay has given you an idea of how a system could allow more freedom with fireworks, and still keep them out of the wrong hands.

1984 By George Orwell Essays (646 words) - Fiction,

1984 By George Orwell "Nineteen Eighty Four" ? Fictional World In English this semester we have studied three different texts. All three texts were based on original, fictional worlds. The fictional world which stood out above the rest and really amazed me would have to be ?Nineteen Eighty-Four'. ?Nineteen Eighty-Four' was the most realistic out of the three. While reading the novel you really get into the fictional world and think like the main character Winston Smith. Three aspects of the text which made this world so interesting to study were The Inner Party, Big Brother, and the Thought Police. Each of these interesting aspects in Nineteen Eighty Four play a great part in the novel itself and the way the fictional world works. The Inner Party played a huge role in creating the fascinating world in ?Nineteen Eighty Four'. The Inner Party was in charge of Airstrip1 and wanted to be superior over everyone. They wanted the party to be the people's first loyalty over anything else. They didn't allow marriage or even sex for this was an act of loyalty between two people and not to the party. An example of this is when Winston and Julia were caught having a sexual relationship and were taken away by the Thought Police. They were then made to betray eachother, love the Party, and to believe what ever the party said was true. The Party had control over everything even peoples minds. This was proved when O ? Brien held up four fingers and said to Winston "how many fingers am I holding up?" Winston replied "Five". Big Brother also played a big role in creating the world which ?Nineteen Eighty-Four' was based in. Big Brother is a figure, which the Party has created to frighten people and give them more power. The Party can do anything they like and when someone questions them they can just say there under orders from Big Brother. Big Brother is everywhere in every house (except proles), every street, wall, and he is always shouting out "BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU" the text which backs this up is when Winston describes that ?On each landing, opposite the lift shaft the poster with enormous face gazed from the wall. It was one of those pictures, which are so conceived that the eyes follow you about when you move'. Big Brother is so important to the world in the novel because the figure stops thought crime, gives the people someone to look up to and someone to love, lets the Party tell the people anything they want and the people will believe it, such as propaganda. An example is when the party say ?Oceania is at war with Eurasia, Oceania has always been at war with Eurasia'. The people automatically believe this. Newspeak is the official language of Oceania. It is supposed to take over common English in the year 2050. Newspeak is another important aspect in the creation of Oceania because it prevents Thought Crime. The purpose of Newspeak is to cancel out words such as ?rebel' so that people won't know the word and therefore if they feel like rebelling against the party they won't know how to express their feelings. The compiler of the Newspeak dictionary Syme says "Don't you see that the whole aim of newspeak is to narrow the range of thoughts which in the end we shall make thought crime literally impossible". Newspeak will also cut out words that have no use such as excellent or superb which are all different meanings of the word good, or double plus good instead of having all different words meaning the same thing. Syme said to Winston"were cutting the language down to the bone". He then said, "the purpose of the Newspeak Dictionary is to reduce the vocabulary so that even the concept of rebellion fades away" The Inner Party, Big Brother, and Newspeak are all-important aspects of the fictional world in ?Nineteen Eighty-Four' each one of these aspects play an important part in the development of the fascinating world which the author George Orwell has created.

JFK’s Brain and Missing Body Parts of Historical Figures

JFK’s Brain and Missing Body Parts of Historical Figures Remember when you were a kid and one of your goofy uncles was always trying to scare you by â€Å"stealing your nose† between his thumb and forefinger? While you quickly figured out your nose was safe, the phrase â€Å"until death do us part† takes on a whole new meaning for some very famous deceased people whose body parts have been oddly â€Å"relocated.† John F. Kennedy’s Vanishing Brain Since that horrible day in November 1963, controversies and conspiracy theories have swirled around the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. Perhaps the most bizarre of these controversies involves things that happened during and after President Kennedy’s official autopsy. In 1978, the published findings of the congressional House Select Committee on Assassinations revealed that JFK’s brain had gone missing. While some doctors at Parkland Memorial Hospital in Dallas testified that they had seen First Lady Jackie Kennedy holding a part of her husband’s brain, what happened to it remains unknown. However, it is documented that JFK’s brain was removed during the autopsy and placed in a stainless-steel box that was subsequently handed over to the Secret Service. The box remained locked in the White House until 1965, when JFK’s brother, Senator Robert F. Kennedy, ordered the box to be stored in the National Archives building. However, a National Archives inventory of medical evidence from the JFK autopsy conducted in 1966 showed no record of the box or the brain. Conspiracy theories regarding who stole JFK’s brain and why soon flew. Released in 1964, the Warren Commission report stated that Kennedy had been struck by two bullets fired from the rear by Lee Harvey Oswald. One bullet reportedly went through his neck, while the other struck the back of his skull, leaving bits of brain, bone, and skin scattered about the presidential limousine. Some conspiracy theorists suggested that the brain was stolen in order to hide proof that Kennedy had been shot from the front, rather than from behind - and by someone other than Oswald. More recently, in his 2014 book, End of Days: The Assassination of John F. Kennedy, author James Swanson suggests that the president’s brain had been taken by his younger brother, Senator Robert F. Kennedy, â€Å"perhaps to conceal evidence of the true extent of President Kennedys illnesses, or perhaps to conceal evidence of the number of medications that President Kennedy was taking.† Still, others suggest the much less glamorous possibility that the remains of the president’s brain simply got lost somewhere in the fog of confusion and bureaucracy that followed the assassination. Since the last batch of declassified official JFK assassination records released on Nov. 9, 2017, shed no light on the mystery, the whereabouts of JFK’s brain remains unknown today. The Secrets of Einsteins Brain The brains of powerful, intelligent, and talented people like JFK have long been favorite targets of â€Å"collectors† who believe a study of the organs might reveal the secrets of their former owners’ success. Sensing that his brain was somehow â€Å"different,† super-genius physicist Albert Einstein had occasionally expressed his wishes to have his body donated to science. However, the creator of the groundbreaking theory of relativity never bothered to write down his wishes. After he died in 1955, Einstein’s family directed that he - meaning all of him - be cremated. However, Dr. Thomas Harvey, the pathologist who performed the autopsy, decided to remove Albert’s brain before releasing his body to the undertakers. Much to the displeasure of the genius’ loved ones, Dr. Harvey stored Einstein’s brain in his home for nearly 30 years, rather unceremoniously, preserved in two plain Mason jars. The rest of Einstein’s body was cremated, with his ashes scattered in secret locations. After Dr. Harvey’s death in 2010, the remains of Einstein’s brain were transferred to the National Museum of Health and Medicine near Washington, D.C. Since then, 46 thin slices of the brain have been mounted on microscope slides displayed at the Mà ¼tter Museum in Philadelphia. Napoleon’s Man Part After conquering most of Europe, diminutive French military genius and emperor Napoleon Bonaparte died in exile on May 5, 1821. During an autopsy done the next day, Napoleon’s heart, stomach, and other â€Å"vital organs† were removed from his body. While several people witnessed the procedure, one of them reportedly decided to leave with some souvenirs. In 1916, heirs of Napoleons chaplain, Abbà © Ange Vignali, sold a collection of Napoleonic artifacts, including what they claimed to be the emperor’s penis. Whether actually part of Napoleon or not - or even a penis at all - the manly artifact changed hands several times over the years. Finally, in 1977, the item believed to be Napoleon’s penis was sold at auction to leading American urologist John J. Lattimer. While modern forensic tests conducted on the artifact confirm that it is a human penis, whether it was ever really attached to Napoleon remains unknown. John Wilkes Booths Neck Bones or Not? While he might have been an accomplished assassin, John Wilkes Booth was a lousy escape artist. Not only did he break his leg just after murdering President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865, just 12 days later, he was shot in the neck and killed in a barn in Port Royal, Virginia. During the autopsy, Booth’s third, fourth, and fifth vertebrae were removed in an attempt to find the bullet. Today, the remains of Booth’s spine are preserved and often displayed at the National Museum of Health and Medicine in Washington, D.C. According to government assassination reports, Booth’s body was eventually released to the family and buried in an unmarked grave in a family plot at Baltimore’s Green Mount Cemetery in 1869. Since then, however, conspiracy theorists have suggested that it was not Booth who was killed in that Port Royal barn or buried in that Green Mount grave. One popular theory contends Booth escaped justice for 38 years, living until 1903, supposedly committing suicide in Oklahoma. In 1995, Booth’s descendants filed a court request to have the body buried at Green Mount Cemetery exhumed in hopes that it could be identified as their infamous relative or not. Despite having the support of the Smithsonian Institution, the judge denied the request citing previous water damage to the burial plot, evidence that other family members had been buried there, and publicity from the â€Å"less than convincing escape/cover-up theory.† Today, however, the mystery might be solved by comparing DNA from Booth’s brother Edwin to the autopsy bones in the National Museum of Health and Medicine. However, in 2013, the museum denied a request for a DNA test. In a letter to Maryland Sen. Chris Van Hollen, who had helped craft the request, the museum stated, â€Å"the need to preserve these bones for future generations compels us to decline the destructive test.† The Salvaging of Stonewall Jacksons Left Arm As Union bullets zipped around him, Confederate General Thomas â€Å"Stonewall† Jackson would famously sit â€Å"like a stone wall† astride his horse during the Civil War. However, Jackson’s luck or bravery let him down during the 1863 Battle of Chancellorsville, when a bullet accidentally fired by one of his own Confederate riflemen ripped through his left arm. In what was the common practice of early battlefield trauma treatment, surgeons amputated Jackson’s tattered arm. As the arm was about to be unceremoniously thrown onto a pile of similarly amputated limbs, military chaplain Rev. B. Tucker Lacy decided to save it. As Chancellorsville Park ranger Chuck Young tells visitors, â€Å"Remembering that Jackson was the rock star of 1863, everybody knew who Stonewall was, and to have his arm just simply thrown on the scrap pile with the other arms, Rev. Lacy couldnt let that happen.† Just eight days after his arm was amputated, Jackson died of pneumonia. Today, while most of Jackson’s body is buried at the Stonewall Jackson Memorial Cemetery in Lexington, Virginia, his left arm is entered in a private cemetery at Ellwood Manor, not far from the field hospital where it was amputated. The Travels of Oliver Cromwells Head Oliver Cromwell, the sternly Puritan Lord Protector of England, whose parliamentary or â€Å"Godly† party tried to ban Christmas in the 1640s, was far from a wild and crazy guy. But after he died in 1658, his head really got around. Starting as a Member of Parliament during  the reign of King Charles I (1600-1649), Cromwell fought against the king during the English Civil War, taking over as Lord Protector after Charles was beheaded for high treason. Cromwell died at age 59 in 1658 from an infection in his urinary tract or kidneys. Following an autopsy, his body was then buried - temporarily - in Westminster Abbey. In 1660, King Charles II - who had been exiled by Cromwell and his cronies - ordered Cromwell’s head placed on a spike in Westminster Hall as a warning to potential usurpers. The rest of Cromwell was hanged and re-buried in an unmarked grave. After 20 years on the spike, Cromwell’s head circulated around small London area museums until 1814, when it was sold to a private collector named Henry Wilkinson. According to reports and rumors, Wilkerson often took the head to parties, using it as a historic - though rather grizzly - conversation-starter. The Puritan leader’s party days finally ended for good in 1960, when his head was permanently buried in the chapel at Sidney Sussex College in Cambridge.

Patient-Centered Healthcare Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Patient-Centered Healthcare - Research Paper Example In healthcare services, patients feel valued and cared when they receive timely care, staff to provide them support during registration and other paper formalities, helping them understand different processes and reassuring them of their good health and recovery. Such service quality dimensions help increase patient satisfaction and loyalty towards respective physicians and thus assist physicians in retaining their customers amidst stiff competition. Ans. 2: In the reading, three kinds of PHRs are described along with mention of three healthcare systems which implemented this PHRs. Description of those kinds are: Tethered- the HER product called MyChart established by Epic Systems falls under tethered PHR category whereby patients can view their medical records and communicate with physicians for basic activities. However, the entire set up is provider filtered and comes under the aegis of HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act). Stand-alone- PatientSite implement ed at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical centre is a stand alone PHR system whereby updating health information is entirely in the hands of consumers and full fledged patient-doctor messaging and communication is facilitated by this system.

Project Report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Project Report - Research Paper Example Secondly, the research project looks at teamwork in relation to Lazear and Gibbs giving an analysis of the benefits associated with teamwork in the organization. Thirdly, the research project identifies the research methods that were used in the research project giving information in relation to the methodology. Additionally, the research gives an analysis of the research question indicating how teamwork has been effective in many organizations. Lastly, the project concludes the research by giving a recap of the issues that have been discussed in the research project. Teamwork has been held to be the most appropriate form of working in any setup in an organization. This is because through teamwork people or employees in the organization brainstorm in order to bring productivity and achieve the goals and objectives of the organization. A team is defined as an aggregation of employees performing a collective task. The team may be led by a joint decision making body or an individual. Therefore, teamwork is work completed by several associates with each individual doing a part, but all subordinating personal importance to the efficiency of the whole. Teamwork is advocated by many organizations because it increases productivity, as well as, ensuring job satisfaction. Problem solving role that is played by teamwork because when people work together they tend to solve issues quickly and adequately unlike when a person is working alone. The research project will focus on designing a teamwork setting that will enhance the productivity of the organization, as well as, solve problem and minimize job dissatisfaction. Employees are more satisfied with their work when they are working in a teamwork environment. In that, according to the Journal of Organization Behavior satisfied employees grow and thrive in an organization that allows teamwork where the organization increases the retention

Leonardo Davinci The Greatest Genius History Essay

Leonardo Davinci The Greatest Genius History Essay Leonardo da Vinci was born on April 15, 1452 in Anchiano, near Vinci in the Republic of Florence, which is now Italy. He died on May 2, 1519 in Cloux (now Clos-Luce) France. Leonardo da Vinci is believed to be the greatest genius that ever lived. Leonardo had become a master in more fields of any other before or since him. Most geniuses such as Albert Einstein or Alfred Hitchcock were masters only in a single field. It was not the case with Leonardo. He believed that all subject matter was interconnected in one way or another. Leonardo expressed a great deal of his other works in his works of art. He was an Italian painter, draftsman, sculpture, architect, engineer, mathematician, musician, scientist, a writer, and a well-known inventor. Da Vinci, the Artist Leonardo started his career as an artist in about 1469 in Verrocchios fabled workshop. Leonardo, a youth at the time was Verrocchios assistant. One of their famous masterpieces was the Baptism of Christ. This painting was started in 1472 and took roughly 3 years to complete. It is currently being housed at the Uffizi Gallery in Florence, Italy. A great deal of the detail of this painting was believed to be done by Leonardo himself. X-rays of the painting and comparing them to the original sketches shows that Leonardo had done the painting entirely different that the way Verrocchio had intended it to be in finished form. This may be the earliest indication that Leonardo was trying to free himself from his masters coaching to follow his own path. Verrocchio had felt threatened by the fact that da Vincis angel in the painting had seemed to be a great deal better than the other three which were painted by Verrocchio (John the Baptist) and other students) After this Verrocchio had lost in terest in painting and concentrated on his other talents such as sculpture and metal working. Suffice to say, this was Verrocchios last well-known painting and the start of Leonardos career as a famous artist. Another of his more famous works, the Mona Lisa, has brought forth much controversy over the years since its completion in 1506. It was painted in Florence, Italy on wood with oil paints and now currently resides at the Musee du Louvre, Paris. Some of this controversy includes such questioning as follows: Why is she smiling (was she secretly pregnant at the time of the painting), is this really a woman or a cleverly disguised self-portrait of Leonardo himself? If Mona Lisa was actually a self portrait of Leonardo, then the smile couldnt have been of a secret pregnancy, but most-likely of a secret that the painting is actually based on the artist. The Last Supper is another one of Leonardos great works of art. It is a mural that measures 30 feet by 14 feet. This great size mad it a great challenge for the very talented Leonardo. The work was started in 1495 and after 3 years of many sketches and preparatory drawings, the work was finally completed in 1498. This painting was done at the church of Santa Maria delle Grazie on the north refectory. This job focused on a scene at the moment of the announcement Judas betrayal. Instead of seating them in a traditional seating arrangement for that time, he seated them so that one could see each of the apostles faces and facial expressions as they hear the announcement of the betrayal of Jesus. This job couldnt have come at a more perfect time for Leonardo, for he was in his time of depression. This job not only brought him out of his depression, but it also won back the Duke Lodovicos patronage and through this he acquired a vineyard and a piece of property of 16 rods located near San Vittore. Other paintings by Leonardo include St. John in the Wilderness, Benois Madonna, Sala delle Asse, St. Jermome, Adoration of the Magi, and many others. Da Vinci and his sculptures Leonardo not only had a talent for art, which he seems the most famous for, but also he had a flare for sculpture. Some of his more well-known sculptures are the Horse in Bronze and the Il Cavallo. The Bronze horse was started in 1482 when the Duke of Milan had commissioned Leonardo to build the worlds biggest horse in honor of his father to guard over the Dukes castle. It stood 24 feet high upon its completion. The sculpture started out as a full size cay model and was eventually later cast in Bronze, thus the name the Bronze Horse. Leonardos other well known sculpture, Il Cavallo, was another horse sculpture that he would not see completed. This only exists in the form of the multitude of drawings that were left behind by da Vinci. Also left behind were two issues da Vinci had with his sculpture. The first was the fact that he needed to fill the space where the horses belly was to be and the second issue was settling on the position of the rider. Unfortunately for Leonardo, this wa s one sculpture he could not complete. Da Vinci, the Inventor Leonardo had many great inventions for his time period and a great deal of them was ahead of their time. These inventions can be put into a number of categories according to the invention and the intended purpose of the invention. The first category would be flight. This category includes the parachute, the helicopter, and the glider. The second category is forgeries. In this category would be the Turin Shroud. The reason for this as being in the forgery category is the fact that people question whether it is authentic or it was one of da Vincis illusions of making it look authentic by using his many artistic talents. The third category of his inventions is maps. Leonardo had made great improvements in the area of map making in his time period. The fifth category is the military. This category includes the plans he had drawn up for an automobile (re-invention), the invention of a three-tiered machine gun, a scaling ladder (improvement), and a military tank. Even his paintings, which are the sixth category, can be considered as inventions for Leonardo in the fact that he had made improvements in the art and also in his creative techniques. The seventh category for inventions for da Vinci is statues in the fact that, just as in paintings he had made improvements and used different techniques and also invention. The last but not least category in the inventions for da Vinci is a category that I would have never even thought or known about is robots. Leonardo was experimenting with this concept in 1495. The robot is a knight in appearance and is wearing the traditional armor for the time which was Italian-German. It had realistic features as well. For instance if one were to look into the mouth of the robot one would find it looked as a real humans mouth would. Leonardo had done this to prove to himself how easily a human beings body could be imitated. This to me in itself shows pure genius. I could go basically on and on forever about the great deal of accomplishments of the great Leonardo da Vinci. He had made great improvements to the art world, helped science a great deal, made inventions and plans for inventions that would be a great help to society. He was also a great mathematician, musician and writer as well. I believe that for one to be considered the greatest genius to ever live they need to have a vast knowledge of a multitude of different subjects. Leonardo da Vinci is the only person thus far has come to mind as that such person who greatly qualifies for such an honor.

Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky , composer :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å" A Great Composer† Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky was born on May 7, 1840. When Peter was born his family lived on a small estate in Votkinsk, a town near the Ural Mountains in central Russia. His father was French but his mother was Russian. She played the piano, and little Peter soon imitated her. His father had moved to Moscow when he was eight years old. When he later moved to Moscow , he attended the school of Jurisprudence. Sadly, Peter’s mother died in the summer of 1854 of cholera. Peter later begins his music career. Some of his first ballets were Juliet in Romeo and Juliet, Joan of Arc, O'dette . In his ballet Swan Lake, a woman cursed by a wizard is changed into a swan. Peter had a #1 symphony called Winter Dreams in 1868. He met a Belgian singer named Desiree Artet. In a few months after their relationship started, she married someone else. After the terrible breakup, Peter started to compose all around the world. He had his symphony #2 which was nicknamed , â€Å"The Little Russian.† He originally wrote Piano Concerto #1 in 1875 and became very famous. At one time, he was Russia’s most famous composer. In the year 1876 he premiered Swan Lake, where he met face to face with Russia’s most famous writer, Leo Tolstoy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In March 1877, Swan Lake was performed for the first time. Today it is considered the greatest ballet anyone has ever seen. In 1877, the Queen of England asked him to compose a simple piano and violin arrangement. Peter was later found out to be a homosexual. Perhaps he felt he had to keep his sexual orientation a secret. On night he attempted suicide because of all the stress he had been through in his life.

Sexual abuse

Sexual abuse is a term used to describe one individual forcing another to commit a sexual act. Around the globe sexual abuse is much more common than people would like to think. In most cases, when we hear of sexual abuse we think about women or children. However, there are some instances where men are also sexual abused. For instance, there is a significant percentage of men incarcerated that experience sexual abuse at one point or another in their adult lives.Many factors play into these abuse cases such as; gang relations, sexual desires and/or the desire to control and take away the manhood of another. Women on the other hand, experience rape, in most cases, by someone they know; someone whom they would call a friend or maybe even a family member. Women by nature are physically weaker than men and some men take full advantage of this fact. Some men feel hatred toward women which fuels their desire to cause them pain. Others feel that women want to be rape.A simple gesture of invi ting them in for a drink can be misconstrued as an invitation for a sexual assault. On the contrary, children, in my opinion, are the most vulnerable. They can be misled by their parents, parents of friends, and/or relatives. They are the most vulnerable due to their age and lack of experience. Most children after experiencing sexual abuse find it hard to cope with their abuse and commit suicide. Others tend to have an extremely hard time trusting others, and use sex as a way to deal with their pain.In addition, when they have children of their own they tend to be over protective. The mental abuser is someone that beats another’s conscious mind into submission in order to control their situation. The controller is trying to discourage the other from saying what they think by giving them all kind of negativity. The abuser is making the controlled person low-self esteemed. People like to get certain things into people’s heads by either making them believe whatever it is that they want the other person to believe.The mental abuser will brainwash whomever they feel can trust them the most and will not give them any doubt. Mental abuse can cause progressive, long-term harm. All the person has to be told is that they are stupid, ugly, fat or worthless and it will go further than what it is supposed to. Physical abuse is act of another person intending to cause physical harm on another person. Physical abuse is common in relationships and child abuse. Abuse in a relationship an be he or she hitting, slapping, throwing, punching, and kicking. Any of those can be consider physical abuse. Physical abuse is very dangerous in relationships because it could lead to having someone in the hospital or worst death. Physical abuse with a child is when a parent or role model is physical hurting a little girl or boy. There is some case where parents have burn the child with an iron or a cigarette. In either situation physical abuse can cause symptom such as depressi on, emotional problems, and suicide.

Atomic Bomb On Hiroshima, Japan, And The World War II

There is no way to justify killing people, simply, because it is wrong and immoral, but what if it’s done to protect your own people? Would it be justified then? President Truman thought so. In 1945, during the heightened onslaught of World War II with Japan, Harry S. Truman was faced with a difficult decision that would determine the future of the War and the future of our nation. Before Franklin D. Roosevelt passed away, he had been working on a secret, powerful, nuclear weapon that not even his Vice President knew about. This weapon was geared up and ready to end the War, but it came at a price. The radioactive material inside the bomb was only about the size of an orange, but it could wipe out an entire population. On August 6th, 1945 Truman makes the difficult decision to drop the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan. The bomb killed 140,000 people and destroyed 80% of the buildings in the city. This was the beginning of a new age. Three days later Truman dropped the sec ond bomb on Japan killing 70,000 people. Emperor Hirohito of Japan was forced to surrender on August 14th, 1945, in order to salvage the rest of his country. Although there was massive devastation in Japan, I believe President Harry Trumans’ actions were justified because the dropping of the atomic bomb gave Japans leadership the final jolt it needed to surrender and it saved lives on, not only the American side, but also the Japanese side of the war. During World War II in the Pacific, the JapaneseShow MoreRelatedA Closer Look at the Bombings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki1485 Words   |  6 PagesUnited States to surrender in the war and rejecting each one, the Japanese set themselves up for disaster. On August 6, 1945 the course of history was changed. Two atomic bombs were dropped on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima, and three days later, August 9, 1945, on Nagasaki that ended World War II. Japan had already been a defeated nation from conventional bombs and World War II. M any innocent lives were lost, psychological scars were left on the lives of the bomb survivors, and thus many livesRead MoreAtomic Bombs On Hiroshima And Nagasaki844 Words   |  4 PagesDuring World War II Americans dropped atomic bombs over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki killing nearly 200,000 people. This resulted in Japans surrender in World War II. J. Samuel Walker analyzes this historical event in his book Prompt and Utter Destruction: Truman and the Use of Atomic Bombs. Over the past 70 years’ extensive research has been conducted and there is an understanding that Truman’s decision to drop the atomic bombs is inconclusive. 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At least 140,000 Japanese people died, including 20,000 soldiers by December of 1945. At least 90% ofRead MoreThe Dropping Of The Atomic Bomb Essay1734 Words   |  7 Pagesdropping of the atomic bomb was used to save American lives; the most common excuse as to why President Harry Truman decided to drop the atomic bomb on Japan. In Major Problems in the History of World War II it has been discussed in the chapter The Atomic Bomb and the End of World War II that former President Truman recalled how he learned about the atomic bomb project as well as the public opinion on the Atomic Bomb. I believe that t he solution that Truman gave when dropping the Atomic Bomb should notRead MoreWhy the United States Dropped the Atomic Bomb: Persuasive Essay1259 Words   |  6 PagesThe atomic bomb is the subject of much controversy. Since its first detonation in 1945, the entire world has heard the aftershocks of that blast. Issues concerning Nuclear Weapons sparked the Cold War. We also have the atomic bomb to thank for our relative peace in this time due to the fear of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD). The effects of the atomic bomb might not have been the exact effects that the United States was looking for when they dropped Little Boy and Fat Man on Hiroshima and NagasakiRead MoreHiroshima, By John Hersey1021 Words   |  5 PagesOn August 6, 1945, the tragedy struck Hiroshima, Japan. At exactly 8:15 a.m. an atomic bomb had been dropped and ruined the lives of millions. In a book called, â€Å"Hiroshima†, written by John Hersey. Mr. Hersey was born on June 17, 1914 in Tientsin, Chi na. He was a prize-winning journalist and writer. Keep in mind one of the earliest practitioners of the New Journalism, in which storytelling methods of fiction are immuned to realist reportage. He won three awards, The Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, Anisfield-Wolf