Sunday, March 8, 2020

JFK’s Brain and Missing Body Parts of Historical Figures

JFK’s Brain and Missing Body Parts of Historical Figures Remember when you were a kid and one of your goofy uncles was always trying to scare you by â€Å"stealing your nose† between his thumb and forefinger? While you quickly figured out your nose was safe, the phrase â€Å"until death do us part† takes on a whole new meaning for some very famous deceased people whose body parts have been oddly â€Å"relocated.† John F. Kennedy’s Vanishing Brain Since that horrible day in November 1963, controversies and conspiracy theories have swirled around the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. Perhaps the most bizarre of these controversies involves things that happened during and after President Kennedy’s official autopsy. In 1978, the published findings of the congressional House Select Committee on Assassinations revealed that JFK’s brain had gone missing. While some doctors at Parkland Memorial Hospital in Dallas testified that they had seen First Lady Jackie Kennedy holding a part of her husband’s brain, what happened to it remains unknown. However, it is documented that JFK’s brain was removed during the autopsy and placed in a stainless-steel box that was subsequently handed over to the Secret Service. The box remained locked in the White House until 1965, when JFK’s brother, Senator Robert F. Kennedy, ordered the box to be stored in the National Archives building. However, a National Archives inventory of medical evidence from the JFK autopsy conducted in 1966 showed no record of the box or the brain. Conspiracy theories regarding who stole JFK’s brain and why soon flew. Released in 1964, the Warren Commission report stated that Kennedy had been struck by two bullets fired from the rear by Lee Harvey Oswald. One bullet reportedly went through his neck, while the other struck the back of his skull, leaving bits of brain, bone, and skin scattered about the presidential limousine. Some conspiracy theorists suggested that the brain was stolen in order to hide proof that Kennedy had been shot from the front, rather than from behind - and by someone other than Oswald. More recently, in his 2014 book, End of Days: The Assassination of John F. Kennedy, author James Swanson suggests that the president’s brain had been taken by his younger brother, Senator Robert F. Kennedy, â€Å"perhaps to conceal evidence of the true extent of President Kennedys illnesses, or perhaps to conceal evidence of the number of medications that President Kennedy was taking.† Still, others suggest the much less glamorous possibility that the remains of the president’s brain simply got lost somewhere in the fog of confusion and bureaucracy that followed the assassination. Since the last batch of declassified official JFK assassination records released on Nov. 9, 2017, shed no light on the mystery, the whereabouts of JFK’s brain remains unknown today. The Secrets of Einsteins Brain The brains of powerful, intelligent, and talented people like JFK have long been favorite targets of â€Å"collectors† who believe a study of the organs might reveal the secrets of their former owners’ success. Sensing that his brain was somehow â€Å"different,† super-genius physicist Albert Einstein had occasionally expressed his wishes to have his body donated to science. However, the creator of the groundbreaking theory of relativity never bothered to write down his wishes. After he died in 1955, Einstein’s family directed that he - meaning all of him - be cremated. However, Dr. Thomas Harvey, the pathologist who performed the autopsy, decided to remove Albert’s brain before releasing his body to the undertakers. Much to the displeasure of the genius’ loved ones, Dr. Harvey stored Einstein’s brain in his home for nearly 30 years, rather unceremoniously, preserved in two plain Mason jars. The rest of Einstein’s body was cremated, with his ashes scattered in secret locations. After Dr. Harvey’s death in 2010, the remains of Einstein’s brain were transferred to the National Museum of Health and Medicine near Washington, D.C. Since then, 46 thin slices of the brain have been mounted on microscope slides displayed at the Mà ¼tter Museum in Philadelphia. Napoleon’s Man Part After conquering most of Europe, diminutive French military genius and emperor Napoleon Bonaparte died in exile on May 5, 1821. During an autopsy done the next day, Napoleon’s heart, stomach, and other â€Å"vital organs† were removed from his body. While several people witnessed the procedure, one of them reportedly decided to leave with some souvenirs. In 1916, heirs of Napoleons chaplain, Abbà © Ange Vignali, sold a collection of Napoleonic artifacts, including what they claimed to be the emperor’s penis. Whether actually part of Napoleon or not - or even a penis at all - the manly artifact changed hands several times over the years. Finally, in 1977, the item believed to be Napoleon’s penis was sold at auction to leading American urologist John J. Lattimer. While modern forensic tests conducted on the artifact confirm that it is a human penis, whether it was ever really attached to Napoleon remains unknown. John Wilkes Booths Neck Bones or Not? While he might have been an accomplished assassin, John Wilkes Booth was a lousy escape artist. Not only did he break his leg just after murdering President Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865, just 12 days later, he was shot in the neck and killed in a barn in Port Royal, Virginia. During the autopsy, Booth’s third, fourth, and fifth vertebrae were removed in an attempt to find the bullet. Today, the remains of Booth’s spine are preserved and often displayed at the National Museum of Health and Medicine in Washington, D.C. According to government assassination reports, Booth’s body was eventually released to the family and buried in an unmarked grave in a family plot at Baltimore’s Green Mount Cemetery in 1869. Since then, however, conspiracy theorists have suggested that it was not Booth who was killed in that Port Royal barn or buried in that Green Mount grave. One popular theory contends Booth escaped justice for 38 years, living until 1903, supposedly committing suicide in Oklahoma. In 1995, Booth’s descendants filed a court request to have the body buried at Green Mount Cemetery exhumed in hopes that it could be identified as their infamous relative or not. Despite having the support of the Smithsonian Institution, the judge denied the request citing previous water damage to the burial plot, evidence that other family members had been buried there, and publicity from the â€Å"less than convincing escape/cover-up theory.† Today, however, the mystery might be solved by comparing DNA from Booth’s brother Edwin to the autopsy bones in the National Museum of Health and Medicine. However, in 2013, the museum denied a request for a DNA test. In a letter to Maryland Sen. Chris Van Hollen, who had helped craft the request, the museum stated, â€Å"the need to preserve these bones for future generations compels us to decline the destructive test.† The Salvaging of Stonewall Jacksons Left Arm As Union bullets zipped around him, Confederate General Thomas â€Å"Stonewall† Jackson would famously sit â€Å"like a stone wall† astride his horse during the Civil War. However, Jackson’s luck or bravery let him down during the 1863 Battle of Chancellorsville, when a bullet accidentally fired by one of his own Confederate riflemen ripped through his left arm. In what was the common practice of early battlefield trauma treatment, surgeons amputated Jackson’s tattered arm. As the arm was about to be unceremoniously thrown onto a pile of similarly amputated limbs, military chaplain Rev. B. Tucker Lacy decided to save it. As Chancellorsville Park ranger Chuck Young tells visitors, â€Å"Remembering that Jackson was the rock star of 1863, everybody knew who Stonewall was, and to have his arm just simply thrown on the scrap pile with the other arms, Rev. Lacy couldnt let that happen.† Just eight days after his arm was amputated, Jackson died of pneumonia. Today, while most of Jackson’s body is buried at the Stonewall Jackson Memorial Cemetery in Lexington, Virginia, his left arm is entered in a private cemetery at Ellwood Manor, not far from the field hospital where it was amputated. The Travels of Oliver Cromwells Head Oliver Cromwell, the sternly Puritan Lord Protector of England, whose parliamentary or â€Å"Godly† party tried to ban Christmas in the 1640s, was far from a wild and crazy guy. But after he died in 1658, his head really got around. Starting as a Member of Parliament during  the reign of King Charles I (1600-1649), Cromwell fought against the king during the English Civil War, taking over as Lord Protector after Charles was beheaded for high treason. Cromwell died at age 59 in 1658 from an infection in his urinary tract or kidneys. Following an autopsy, his body was then buried - temporarily - in Westminster Abbey. In 1660, King Charles II - who had been exiled by Cromwell and his cronies - ordered Cromwell’s head placed on a spike in Westminster Hall as a warning to potential usurpers. The rest of Cromwell was hanged and re-buried in an unmarked grave. After 20 years on the spike, Cromwell’s head circulated around small London area museums until 1814, when it was sold to a private collector named Henry Wilkinson. According to reports and rumors, Wilkerson often took the head to parties, using it as a historic - though rather grizzly - conversation-starter. The Puritan leader’s party days finally ended for good in 1960, when his head was permanently buried in the chapel at Sidney Sussex College in Cambridge.

Friday, February 21, 2020

Patient-Centered Healthcare Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Patient-Centered Healthcare - Research Paper Example In healthcare services, patients feel valued and cared when they receive timely care, staff to provide them support during registration and other paper formalities, helping them understand different processes and reassuring them of their good health and recovery. Such service quality dimensions help increase patient satisfaction and loyalty towards respective physicians and thus assist physicians in retaining their customers amidst stiff competition. Ans. 2: In the reading, three kinds of PHRs are described along with mention of three healthcare systems which implemented this PHRs. Description of those kinds are: Tethered- the HER product called MyChart established by Epic Systems falls under tethered PHR category whereby patients can view their medical records and communicate with physicians for basic activities. However, the entire set up is provider filtered and comes under the aegis of HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act). Stand-alone- PatientSite implement ed at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical centre is a stand alone PHR system whereby updating health information is entirely in the hands of consumers and full fledged patient-doctor messaging and communication is facilitated by this system.

Wednesday, February 5, 2020

Project Report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Project Report - Research Paper Example Secondly, the research project looks at teamwork in relation to Lazear and Gibbs giving an analysis of the benefits associated with teamwork in the organization. Thirdly, the research project identifies the research methods that were used in the research project giving information in relation to the methodology. Additionally, the research gives an analysis of the research question indicating how teamwork has been effective in many organizations. Lastly, the project concludes the research by giving a recap of the issues that have been discussed in the research project. Teamwork has been held to be the most appropriate form of working in any setup in an organization. This is because through teamwork people or employees in the organization brainstorm in order to bring productivity and achieve the goals and objectives of the organization. A team is defined as an aggregation of employees performing a collective task. The team may be led by a joint decision making body or an individual. Therefore, teamwork is work completed by several associates with each individual doing a part, but all subordinating personal importance to the efficiency of the whole. Teamwork is advocated by many organizations because it increases productivity, as well as, ensuring job satisfaction. Problem solving role that is played by teamwork because when people work together they tend to solve issues quickly and adequately unlike when a person is working alone. The research project will focus on designing a teamwork setting that will enhance the productivity of the organization, as well as, solve problem and minimize job dissatisfaction. Employees are more satisfied with their work when they are working in a teamwork environment. In that, according to the Journal of Organization Behavior satisfied employees grow and thrive in an organization that allows teamwork where the organization increases the retention

Tuesday, January 28, 2020

Leonardo Davinci The Greatest Genius History Essay

Leonardo Davinci The Greatest Genius History Essay Leonardo da Vinci was born on April 15, 1452 in Anchiano, near Vinci in the Republic of Florence, which is now Italy. He died on May 2, 1519 in Cloux (now Clos-Luce) France. Leonardo da Vinci is believed to be the greatest genius that ever lived. Leonardo had become a master in more fields of any other before or since him. Most geniuses such as Albert Einstein or Alfred Hitchcock were masters only in a single field. It was not the case with Leonardo. He believed that all subject matter was interconnected in one way or another. Leonardo expressed a great deal of his other works in his works of art. He was an Italian painter, draftsman, sculpture, architect, engineer, mathematician, musician, scientist, a writer, and a well-known inventor. Da Vinci, the Artist Leonardo started his career as an artist in about 1469 in Verrocchios fabled workshop. Leonardo, a youth at the time was Verrocchios assistant. One of their famous masterpieces was the Baptism of Christ. This painting was started in 1472 and took roughly 3 years to complete. It is currently being housed at the Uffizi Gallery in Florence, Italy. A great deal of the detail of this painting was believed to be done by Leonardo himself. X-rays of the painting and comparing them to the original sketches shows that Leonardo had done the painting entirely different that the way Verrocchio had intended it to be in finished form. This may be the earliest indication that Leonardo was trying to free himself from his masters coaching to follow his own path. Verrocchio had felt threatened by the fact that da Vincis angel in the painting had seemed to be a great deal better than the other three which were painted by Verrocchio (John the Baptist) and other students) After this Verrocchio had lost in terest in painting and concentrated on his other talents such as sculpture and metal working. Suffice to say, this was Verrocchios last well-known painting and the start of Leonardos career as a famous artist. Another of his more famous works, the Mona Lisa, has brought forth much controversy over the years since its completion in 1506. It was painted in Florence, Italy on wood with oil paints and now currently resides at the Musee du Louvre, Paris. Some of this controversy includes such questioning as follows: Why is she smiling (was she secretly pregnant at the time of the painting), is this really a woman or a cleverly disguised self-portrait of Leonardo himself? If Mona Lisa was actually a self portrait of Leonardo, then the smile couldnt have been of a secret pregnancy, but most-likely of a secret that the painting is actually based on the artist. The Last Supper is another one of Leonardos great works of art. It is a mural that measures 30 feet by 14 feet. This great size mad it a great challenge for the very talented Leonardo. The work was started in 1495 and after 3 years of many sketches and preparatory drawings, the work was finally completed in 1498. This painting was done at the church of Santa Maria delle Grazie on the north refectory. This job focused on a scene at the moment of the announcement Judas betrayal. Instead of seating them in a traditional seating arrangement for that time, he seated them so that one could see each of the apostles faces and facial expressions as they hear the announcement of the betrayal of Jesus. This job couldnt have come at a more perfect time for Leonardo, for he was in his time of depression. This job not only brought him out of his depression, but it also won back the Duke Lodovicos patronage and through this he acquired a vineyard and a piece of property of 16 rods located near San Vittore. Other paintings by Leonardo include St. John in the Wilderness, Benois Madonna, Sala delle Asse, St. Jermome, Adoration of the Magi, and many others. Da Vinci and his sculptures Leonardo not only had a talent for art, which he seems the most famous for, but also he had a flare for sculpture. Some of his more well-known sculptures are the Horse in Bronze and the Il Cavallo. The Bronze horse was started in 1482 when the Duke of Milan had commissioned Leonardo to build the worlds biggest horse in honor of his father to guard over the Dukes castle. It stood 24 feet high upon its completion. The sculpture started out as a full size cay model and was eventually later cast in Bronze, thus the name the Bronze Horse. Leonardos other well known sculpture, Il Cavallo, was another horse sculpture that he would not see completed. This only exists in the form of the multitude of drawings that were left behind by da Vinci. Also left behind were two issues da Vinci had with his sculpture. The first was the fact that he needed to fill the space where the horses belly was to be and the second issue was settling on the position of the rider. Unfortunately for Leonardo, this wa s one sculpture he could not complete. Da Vinci, the Inventor Leonardo had many great inventions for his time period and a great deal of them was ahead of their time. These inventions can be put into a number of categories according to the invention and the intended purpose of the invention. The first category would be flight. This category includes the parachute, the helicopter, and the glider. The second category is forgeries. In this category would be the Turin Shroud. The reason for this as being in the forgery category is the fact that people question whether it is authentic or it was one of da Vincis illusions of making it look authentic by using his many artistic talents. The third category of his inventions is maps. Leonardo had made great improvements in the area of map making in his time period. The fifth category is the military. This category includes the plans he had drawn up for an automobile (re-invention), the invention of a three-tiered machine gun, a scaling ladder (improvement), and a military tank. Even his paintings, which are the sixth category, can be considered as inventions for Leonardo in the fact that he had made improvements in the art and also in his creative techniques. The seventh category for inventions for da Vinci is statues in the fact that, just as in paintings he had made improvements and used different techniques and also invention. The last but not least category in the inventions for da Vinci is a category that I would have never even thought or known about is robots. Leonardo was experimenting with this concept in 1495. The robot is a knight in appearance and is wearing the traditional armor for the time which was Italian-German. It had realistic features as well. For instance if one were to look into the mouth of the robot one would find it looked as a real humans mouth would. Leonardo had done this to prove to himself how easily a human beings body could be imitated. This to me in itself shows pure genius. I could go basically on and on forever about the great deal of accomplishments of the great Leonardo da Vinci. He had made great improvements to the art world, helped science a great deal, made inventions and plans for inventions that would be a great help to society. He was also a great mathematician, musician and writer as well. I believe that for one to be considered the greatest genius to ever live they need to have a vast knowledge of a multitude of different subjects. Leonardo da Vinci is the only person thus far has come to mind as that such person who greatly qualifies for such an honor.

Sunday, January 19, 2020

Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky , composer :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å" A Great Composer† Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky was born on May 7, 1840. When Peter was born his family lived on a small estate in Votkinsk, a town near the Ural Mountains in central Russia. His father was French but his mother was Russian. She played the piano, and little Peter soon imitated her. His father had moved to Moscow when he was eight years old. When he later moved to Moscow , he attended the school of Jurisprudence. Sadly, Peter’s mother died in the summer of 1854 of cholera. Peter later begins his music career. Some of his first ballets were Juliet in Romeo and Juliet, Joan of Arc, O'dette . In his ballet Swan Lake, a woman cursed by a wizard is changed into a swan. Peter had a #1 symphony called Winter Dreams in 1868. He met a Belgian singer named Desiree Artet. In a few months after their relationship started, she married someone else. After the terrible breakup, Peter started to compose all around the world. He had his symphony #2 which was nicknamed , â€Å"The Little Russian.† He originally wrote Piano Concerto #1 in 1875 and became very famous. At one time, he was Russia’s most famous composer. In the year 1876 he premiered Swan Lake, where he met face to face with Russia’s most famous writer, Leo Tolstoy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In March 1877, Swan Lake was performed for the first time. Today it is considered the greatest ballet anyone has ever seen. In 1877, the Queen of England asked him to compose a simple piano and violin arrangement. Peter was later found out to be a homosexual. Perhaps he felt he had to keep his sexual orientation a secret. On night he attempted suicide because of all the stress he had been through in his life.

Saturday, January 11, 2020

Sexual abuse

Sexual abuse is a term used to describe one individual forcing another to commit a sexual act. Around the globe sexual abuse is much more common than people would like to think. In most cases, when we hear of sexual abuse we think about women or children. However, there are some instances where men are also sexual abused. For instance, there is a significant percentage of men incarcerated that experience sexual abuse at one point or another in their adult lives.Many factors play into these abuse cases such as; gang relations, sexual desires and/or the desire to control and take away the manhood of another. Women on the other hand, experience rape, in most cases, by someone they know; someone whom they would call a friend or maybe even a family member. Women by nature are physically weaker than men and some men take full advantage of this fact. Some men feel hatred toward women which fuels their desire to cause them pain. Others feel that women want to be rape.A simple gesture of invi ting them in for a drink can be misconstrued as an invitation for a sexual assault. On the contrary, children, in my opinion, are the most vulnerable. They can be misled by their parents, parents of friends, and/or relatives. They are the most vulnerable due to their age and lack of experience. Most children after experiencing sexual abuse find it hard to cope with their abuse and commit suicide. Others tend to have an extremely hard time trusting others, and use sex as a way to deal with their pain.In addition, when they have children of their own they tend to be over protective. The mental abuser is someone that beats another’s conscious mind into submission in order to control their situation. The controller is trying to discourage the other from saying what they think by giving them all kind of negativity. The abuser is making the controlled person low-self esteemed. People like to get certain things into people’s heads by either making them believe whatever it is that they want the other person to believe.The mental abuser will brainwash whomever they feel can trust them the most and will not give them any doubt. Mental abuse can cause progressive, long-term harm. All the person has to be told is that they are stupid, ugly, fat or worthless and it will go further than what it is supposed to. Physical abuse is act of another person intending to cause physical harm on another person. Physical abuse is common in relationships and child abuse. Abuse in a relationship an be he or she hitting, slapping, throwing, punching, and kicking. Any of those can be consider physical abuse. Physical abuse is very dangerous in relationships because it could lead to having someone in the hospital or worst death. Physical abuse with a child is when a parent or role model is physical hurting a little girl or boy. There is some case where parents have burn the child with an iron or a cigarette. In either situation physical abuse can cause symptom such as depressi on, emotional problems, and suicide.

Friday, January 3, 2020

Atomic Bomb On Hiroshima, Japan, And The World War II

There is no way to justify killing people, simply, because it is wrong and immoral, but what if it’s done to protect your own people? Would it be justified then? President Truman thought so. In 1945, during the heightened onslaught of World War II with Japan, Harry S. Truman was faced with a difficult decision that would determine the future of the War and the future of our nation. Before Franklin D. Roosevelt passed away, he had been working on a secret, powerful, nuclear weapon that not even his Vice President knew about. This weapon was geared up and ready to end the War, but it came at a price. The radioactive material inside the bomb was only about the size of an orange, but it could wipe out an entire population. On August 6th, 1945 Truman makes the difficult decision to drop the first atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan. The bomb killed 140,000 people and destroyed 80% of the buildings in the city. This was the beginning of a new age. Three days later Truman dropped the sec ond bomb on Japan killing 70,000 people. Emperor Hirohito of Japan was forced to surrender on August 14th, 1945, in order to salvage the rest of his country. Although there was massive devastation in Japan, I believe President Harry Trumans’ actions were justified because the dropping of the atomic bomb gave Japans leadership the final jolt it needed to surrender and it saved lives on, not only the American side, but also the Japanese side of the war. During World War II in the Pacific, the JapaneseShow MoreRelatedA Closer Look at the Bombings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki1485 Words   |  6 PagesUnited States to surrender in the war and rejecting each one, the Japanese set themselves up for disaster. On August 6, 1945 the course of history was changed. Two atomic bombs were dropped on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima, and three days later, August 9, 1945, on Nagasaki that ended World War II. 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